Nursing Tips (587)

Signs/Symptoms of Autism

Signs and Symptoms of Autism

Cathy Parkes

Key signs/symptoms of Autism: Lack of eye contact Repetitive motions/actions Delayed speech and language skills Strict adherence to routines Unusual eating or sleeping habits Digestive problems.

Signs and Symptoms of Autism

Cathy Parkes

Key signs/symptoms of Autism: Lack of eye contact Repetitive motions/actions Delayed speech and language skills Strict adherence to routines Unusual eating or sleeping habits Digestive problems.

Incidence Vs Prevalence

Incidence Vs Prevalence

Cathy Parkes

Incidence vs. Prevalence: Incidence is the number of NEW cases of disease/injury in a population during a period of time. Prevalence is the number of ALL cases (new and pre-existing) of disease/injury...

Incidence Vs Prevalence

Cathy Parkes

Incidence vs. Prevalence: Incidence is the number of NEW cases of disease/injury in a population during a period of time. Prevalence is the number of ALL cases (new and pre-existing) of disease/injury...

Negative Nitrogen Balance indicates insufficient protein intake (due to illness, malnutrition, or aging).

Negative Nitrogen Balance

Cathy Parkes

A negative nitrogen balance indicates insufficient PROTEIN intake (due to illness, malnutrition, or aging). It means the patient is using protein faster than it is being synthesized.

Negative Nitrogen Balance

Cathy Parkes

A negative nitrogen balance indicates insufficient PROTEIN intake (due to illness, malnutrition, or aging). It means the patient is using protein faster than it is being synthesized.

How to recognize behaviors that may indicate intention to commit suicide! These include giving away prized possessions, sudden improvement of mood or calmness, and making preparations.

Indications of Intent to Commit Suicide

Cathy Parkes

Recognize behaviors that may indicate an intention to commit suicide . For example: Giving away prized possessions, sudden improvement of mood or calmness, and/or making of final preparations.

Indications of Intent to Commit Suicide

Cathy Parkes

Recognize behaviors that may indicate an intention to commit suicide . For example: Giving away prized possessions, sudden improvement of mood or calmness, and/or making of final preparations.

Immunizations in first 6 months

Immunizations in first 6 months

Cathy Parkes

IMMUNIZATIONS IN FIRST 6  MONTHS Birth = "B" Hep B 2 Months = "B. Dr. HIP" Hep B, DTAP, RV, Hib, IPV, PCV 4 months = "Dr. HIP" DTAP, RV,...

Immunizations in first 6 months

Cathy Parkes

IMMUNIZATIONS IN FIRST 6  MONTHS Birth = "B" Hep B 2 Months = "B. Dr. HIP" Hep B, DTAP, RV, Hib, IPV, PCV 4 months = "Dr. HIP" DTAP, RV,...

A key function of Vitamin D is that it helps with absorption of calcium. Sunlight is a key source of Vitamin D! Other sources include fortified milk, fatty fish, and eggs.

Vitamin D

Cathy Parkes

A key function of Vitamin D is that it helps with absorption of calcium. Sunlight is a key source of Vitamin D! Other sources include: fortified milk, fatty fish, and eggs.

Vitamin D

Cathy Parkes

A key function of Vitamin D is that it helps with absorption of calcium. Sunlight is a key source of Vitamin D! Other sources include: fortified milk, fatty fish, and eggs.

For abdominal wound dehiscence with evisceration (protruding internal organs): Place saline-soaked gauze over wound and protruding organs; Do NOT try and reinsert organs!; Notify provider and prepare the patient for possible surgery (NPO).

Abdominal Wound Dehiscence

Cathy Parkes

For abdominal wound dehiscence with evisceration: Place saline-soaked gauze over wound; Don't try to reinsert organs!; Prepare patient for possible surgery.

Abdominal Wound Dehiscence

Cathy Parkes

For abdominal wound dehiscence with evisceration: Place saline-soaked gauze over wound; Don't try to reinsert organs!; Prepare patient for possible surgery.

In toddlers, parallel play is expected.  Parallel play means that children play independently NEXT to other children. Toddlers do not typically engage in cooperative play.

Parallel Play in Children

Cathy Parkes

In toddlers, parallel play is expected. Parallel play means that children play independently NEXT to other children.

Parallel Play in Children

Cathy Parkes

In toddlers, parallel play is expected. Parallel play means that children play independently NEXT to other children.

Alcohol withdrawal occurs within 4 to 12 hours of cessation of heavy, prolonged alcohol abuse. Symptoms peak ~24 to 72 hours after the patient’s last drink. Be sure to ask the patient when they had their last drink!

Alcohol Withdrawal

Cathy Parkes

Alcohol withdrawal starts 4-12 hours after last drink and peaks at 24-48 hours. Be sure to ask the patient when they had their last drink!

Alcohol Withdrawal

Cathy Parkes

Alcohol withdrawal starts 4-12 hours after last drink and peaks at 24-48 hours. Be sure to ask the patient when they had their last drink!

3,500 calories = 1 pound. To lose 1 pound a week, you need to decrease your daily caloric intake by 500 calories.

How Many Calories in a Pound?

Cathy Parkes

3,500 calories = 1 pound. To lose 1 pound a week, patients need to decrease their daily caloric intake by 500 calories.

How Many Calories in a Pound?

Cathy Parkes

3,500 calories = 1 pound. To lose 1 pound a week, patients need to decrease their daily caloric intake by 500 calories.

Airborne precautions require the patient to have a NEGATIVE airflow room. Caregivers and visitors need to wear N95 masks when going in the room.

Airborne Precautions

Cathy Parkes

Airborne precautions require the patient to have a NEGATIVE airflow room. Caregivers and visitors need to wear N95 masks when going in the room.

Airborne Precautions

Cathy Parkes

Airborne precautions require the patient to have a NEGATIVE airflow room. Caregivers and visitors need to wear N95 masks when going in the room.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used to treat severe depression that is unresponsive to drug therapy.  It is used in conjunction with drug therapy. It does not replace the need for medication!

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Cathy Parkes

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used to treat severe depression that is unresponsive to drug therapy.

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Cathy Parkes

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used to treat severe depression that is unresponsive to drug therapy.

A child who is crying without producing tears should be evaluated for severe dehydration.  In this case a child may also have deeply sunken eyes, little to no urine output, have lost > 10% of their body weight, and could have capillary refill > 4 seconds.

Severe Dehydration in Children

Cathy Parkes

A child who is crying without producing tears should be evaluated for severe dehydration.

Severe Dehydration in Children

Cathy Parkes

A child who is crying without producing tears should be evaluated for severe dehydration.

Know your levels of prevention!
Primary: Focuses on prevention of disease from occurring. 
Secondary: Focuses on early detection/screening for diseases.
Tertiary: Focuses on rehabilitation of those already diagnosed with a disease.

Know your levels of illness prevention!

Cathy Parkes

Know your levels of prevention! Primary, Secondary, Tertiary

Know your levels of illness prevention!

Cathy Parkes

Know your levels of prevention! Primary, Secondary, Tertiary

DASH diet & hypertension

DASH diet & hypertension

Cathy Parkes

The DASH diet (for patients with hypertension) emphasizes low sodium, high potassium, and high calcium foods.

DASH diet & hypertension

Cathy Parkes

The DASH diet (for patients with hypertension) emphasizes low sodium, high potassium, and high calcium foods.

Bipolar patients & mania

Bipolar patients & mania

Cathy Parkes

For bipolar patients experiencing mania: be sure to provide high-calorie portable snacks (finger foods).

Bipolar patients & mania

Cathy Parkes

For bipolar patients experiencing mania: be sure to provide high-calorie portable snacks (finger foods).

For intramuscular injections under 1 year old, use vastus lateralis muscle!

Injections for infants

Cathy Parkes

For intramuscular injections under 1 year old, use vastus lateralis muscle!

Injections for infants

Cathy Parkes

For intramuscular injections under 1 year old, use vastus lateralis muscle!

Applying Restraints

Applying Restraints

Cathy Parkes

When applying restraints, make sure 2 fingers can fit between restraint and patient, se a quick release knot, and don't place restraints on side rail.

Applying Restraints

Cathy Parkes

When applying restraints, make sure 2 fingers can fit between restraint and patient, se a quick release knot, and don't place restraints on side rail.

For a patient who has suffered a BURN, be sure to assess for inhalation injury. Symptoms: singed eyebrows or nasal hair, and sooty sputum.

Burn Inhalation Injury

Cathy Parkes

For a patient who has suffered a BURN, be sure to assess for inhalation injury. Symptoms: singed eyebrows or nasal hair, and sooty sputum.

Burn Inhalation Injury

Cathy Parkes

For a patient who has suffered a BURN, be sure to assess for inhalation injury. Symptoms: singed eyebrows or nasal hair, and sooty sputum.

Administration Set Priming for Blood Transfusion

Administration Set Priming for Blood Transfusion

Cathy Parkes

For blood transfusion, prime the administration set with 0.9% NaCl ONLY.

Administration Set Priming for Blood Transfusion

Cathy Parkes

For blood transfusion, prime the administration set with 0.9% NaCl ONLY.

REPORT urine output that is less than 30ml/hr!  Decreased urine output can be indicative of shock, sepsis, and kidney failure.

Reporting Urine Output

Cathy Parkes

REPORT urine output that is less than 30ml/hr! Decreased urine output can be indicative of shock, sepsis, and kidney failure.

Reporting Urine Output

Cathy Parkes

REPORT urine output that is less than 30ml/hr! Decreased urine output can be indicative of shock, sepsis, and kidney failure.

For a patient at risk for suicide:  Do NOT place a patient at risk for suicide in a private room. Provide 1:1 observation at all times.

Patient at risk for suicide

Cathy Parkes

For a patient at risk for suicide: Do NOT place a patient at risk for suicide in a private room. Provide 1:1 observation at all times.

Patient at risk for suicide

Cathy Parkes

For a patient at risk for suicide: Do NOT place a patient at risk for suicide in a private room. Provide 1:1 observation at all times.

Finasteride is an Androgen Inhibitor used to treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and baldness. HINT: Finasteride kind of looks like "Fine ride." That guy over there has a fine ride, but he is also bald with BPH.

Finasteride

Cathy Parkes

Finasteride is an Androgen Inhibitor used to treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and baldness.

Finasteride

Cathy Parkes

Finasteride is an Androgen Inhibitor used to treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and baldness.

Expected weight gain during pregnancy  Normal weight women: 25-35 pounds. Underweight women: 28-40 pounds. Overweight patients: 15-25 pounds.

Pregnancy Weight Gain

Cathy Parkes

Expected weight gain during pregnancy differs depending on the mother's pre-pregnancy weight.

Pregnancy Weight Gain

Cathy Parkes

Expected weight gain during pregnancy differs depending on the mother's pre-pregnancy weight.

Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are common with Conventional Antipsychotics. Symptoms of EPS include: Dystonia, Parkinson's symptoms, Tardive dyskinesia, Akathisia.

Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Cathy Parkes

Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are common with Conventional Antipsychotics. Symptoms of EPS include: Dystonia, Parkinson's symptoms, Tardive dyskinesia, Akathisia.

Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Cathy Parkes

Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are common with Conventional Antipsychotics. Symptoms of EPS include: Dystonia, Parkinson's symptoms, Tardive dyskinesia, Akathisia.

Key points about maintaining a sterile field:  1" edge of field is NOT sterile. Never turn your back on, reach across, or walk away from a sterile field. Objects held below the waist is consider non-sterile.

Maintaining A Sterile Field

Cathy Parkes

Key points about maintaining a sterile field

Maintaining A Sterile Field

Cathy Parkes

Key points about maintaining a sterile field

Giving Medication to Children - LevelUpRN

Giving Medication to Children

Cathy Parkes

Educate families that when giving medication to children, they must use a calibrated device

Giving Medication to Children

Cathy Parkes

Educate families that when giving medication to children, they must use a calibrated device

A nurse should always protect patient privacy per HIPAA laws, except when there is a duty to warn! If the patient poses a serious threat to another person, the nurse must protect the third party!

Duty to Warn

Cathy Parkes

A nurse should always protect patient privacy per HIPAA laws, except when there is a duty to warn! 

Duty to Warn

Cathy Parkes

A nurse should always protect patient privacy per HIPAA laws, except when there is a duty to warn! 

A reactive (normal) test is indicated by a FHR with a normal rate, moderate variability, and two accelerations (greater than or equal to 15 bpm for greater than or equal to 15 seconds) in 20 minutes.

Nonstress Test (NST)

Cathy Parkes

A nonstress test (NST) is a non-invasive test done to examine the fetal heart rate and response to fetal movement.

Nonstress Test (NST)

Cathy Parkes

A nonstress test (NST) is a non-invasive test done to examine the fetal heart rate and response to fetal movement.

Don't get TIPSY when taking your TB meds! Alcohol is contraindicated for these TB meds: Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol. All carry a risk for hepatotoxicity!

TB Meds

Cathy Parkes

Don't get TIPSY when taking your TB meds! Alcohol is contraindicated for these TB meds: Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol. All carry a risk for hepatotoxicity!

TB Meds

Cathy Parkes

Don't get TIPSY when taking your TB meds! Alcohol is contraindicated for these TB meds: Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol. All carry a risk for hepatotoxicity!

Enteral feeding (NG or G-tube): Confirm placement with x-ray before feeding! Measure gastric contents every 4 hours. Hold feeding if residual exceeds ~500ml. Flush tubes with 30 mL sterile water every 4 hours.

Enteral Feeding

Cathy Parkes

Enteral feeding: Confirm placement with x-ray; Measure gastric contents; Hold feeding if residual exceeds ~500ml; Flush feeding tubes.

Enteral Feeding

Cathy Parkes

Enteral feeding: Confirm placement with x-ray; Measure gastric contents; Hold feeding if residual exceeds ~500ml; Flush feeding tubes.

Early signs of increased ICP in infants:  Irritability, high-pitched cry, poor feeding, bulging fontanels, separation of cranial sutures “setting-sun” phenomenon.

Early Signs of Increased ICP in Infants

Cathy Parkes

Early signs of increased ICP in infants: irritability, high-pitched cry, poor feeding, “setting-sun” phenomenon, bulging fontanels, separation of cranial sutures.

1 comment

Early Signs of Increased ICP in Infants

Cathy Parkes

Early signs of increased ICP in infants: irritability, high-pitched cry, poor feeding, “setting-sun” phenomenon, bulging fontanels, separation of cranial sutures.

1 comment
Don't confuse clozapine with clonidine! Clozapine is an antipsychotic (note both cloZapine and schiZophrenia have a Z). Clonidine is an antihypertensive.

Clozapine vs. Clonidine

Cathy Parkes

Don't confuse clozapine with clonidine! Clonidine is an antihypertensive. Clozapine is an antipsychotic.

Clozapine vs. Clonidine

Cathy Parkes

Don't confuse clozapine with clonidine! Clonidine is an antihypertensive. Clozapine is an antipsychotic.

A Bishop score is used to determine maternal readiness for labor induction based on cervical readiness. A score >8 in a multiparous patient, or >10 in a nulliparous patient indicates readiness for induction.

Bishop Score

Cathy Parkes

A Bishop score is used to determine maternal readiness for labor induction based on cervical readiness.

Bishop Score

Cathy Parkes

A Bishop score is used to determine maternal readiness for labor induction based on cervical readiness.

Colchicine is a medication used to treat an acute gout attack. Gout causes tophi (accumulation of uric acid crystals, often found in the BIG toe)

Colchicine

Cathy Parkes

Colchicine is a medication used to treat an acute gout attack.

Colchicine

Cathy Parkes

Colchicine is a medication used to treat an acute gout attack.

Criteria for hospitalization of patients with Anorexia Nervosa:  Body weight < 75% of ideal body weight; Body fat < 10%; Heart rate < 45/min; SBP < 90mmHg; Body temp < 96 degrees F; EKG abnormalities

Criteria for hospitalization of patients with anorexia

Cathy Parkes

Criteria for hospitalization of patients with Anorexia Nervosa.

Criteria for hospitalization of patients with anorexia

Cathy Parkes

Criteria for hospitalization of patients with Anorexia Nervosa.

Do NOT administer any medications through a patient's parenteral nutrition (i.e. TPN) IV line! You need to use a separate line.

Medications in Nutrition IV Line

Cathy Parkes

Do NOT administer any medications through a patient's parenteral nutrition (i.e. TPN) IV line! You need to use a separate line.

Medications in Nutrition IV Line

Cathy Parkes

Do NOT administer any medications through a patient's parenteral nutrition (i.e. TPN) IV line! You need to use a separate line.

For symptoms of compartment syndrome, remember the 5Ps: Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pallor, Pulselessness, Intense Pain (unrelieved by drugs and/or with passive movement)

Compartment Syndrome 5Ps

Cathy Parkes

For symptoms of compartment syndrome, remember the 5Ps: Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pallor, Pulselessness, Intense Pain

Compartment Syndrome 5Ps

Cathy Parkes

For symptoms of compartment syndrome, remember the 5Ps: Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pallor, Pulselessness, Intense Pain

Windshield Survey:
Collect data by literally driving around and looking out your windshield. Assess people and environment. Use the data to develop a Community Health Plan.

Windshield Survey

Cathy Parkes

Windshield Survey: Collect data by literally driving around and look out your windshield.

2 comments

Windshield Survey

Cathy Parkes

Windshield Survey: Collect data by literally driving around and look out your windshield.

2 comments
Crib safety: Place infants on BACK to sleep. Do not place anything in the crib with the baby. Ensure crib slats are ≤ 2 3/8 inches apart. Babies who sleep on their backs are much less likely to die of SIDS than babies who sleep on their stomachs or sides!

Crib Safety

Cathy Parkes

Crib safety: Infants on back to sleep, nothing in crib, and width of crib slats

Crib Safety

Cathy Parkes

Crib safety: Infants on back to sleep, nothing in crib, and width of crib slats

Antitussives ABCD Tip: ABCD = Antitussives include Benzonatate, Codeine, Dextromethorphan.

Antitussives ABCD Tip

Cathy Parkes

ABCD = Antitussives include Benzonatate, Codeine, Dextromethorphan.

Antitussives ABCD Tip

Cathy Parkes

ABCD = Antitussives include Benzonatate, Codeine, Dextromethorphan.

Smallpox Signs/Symptoms include RASH that begins on the FACE and spreads down, High fever, Headache, Vomiting

Smallpox Symptoms

Cathy Parkes

Smallpox: Symptoms include a RASH that begins on the FACE and spreads down, high fever, headache, vomiting.

Smallpox Symptoms

Cathy Parkes

Smallpox: Symptoms include a RASH that begins on the FACE and spreads down, high fever, headache, vomiting.

Chest physiotherapy is a key intervention for Cystic Fibrosis! Since it uses percussion, vibration, postural drainage and breathing exercises to loosen respiratory secretions, should be scheduled BEFORE meals or 1-2 hrs after meals to avoid vomiting.

Chest Physiotherapy Treatments

Cathy Parkes

Chest physiotherapy treatments should be included 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals to avoid vomiting.

Chest Physiotherapy Treatments

Cathy Parkes

Chest physiotherapy treatments should be included 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals to avoid vomiting.

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat UTIs. A unique side effect of this medication is "achilles tendon rupture".
HINT: If you take CIPRO, you might SLIP due to your achilles tendon rupturing.

Ciprofloxacin

Cathy Parkes

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat UTIs. A unique side effect of this medication is "achilles tendon rupture". HINT: If you take CIPRO, you might SLIP due to...

1 comment

Ciprofloxacin

Cathy Parkes

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat UTIs. A unique side effect of this medication is "achilles tendon rupture". HINT: If you take CIPRO, you might SLIP due to...

1 comment
An Indirect Coombs test is used to determine if a pregnant patient is Rh-positive or Rh-negative.

Rh-Negative Patients

Cathy Parkes

An Indirect Coombs test is used to determine if a pregnant patient is Rh-positive or Rh-negative.

Rh-Negative Patients

Cathy Parkes

An Indirect Coombs test is used to determine if a pregnant patient is Rh-positive or Rh-negative.

Calcium channel blockers are Very Nice Drugs: Verapamil, Nifedipine, Diltiazem. Key side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, peripheral edema.

Calcium Channel Blockers

Cathy Parkes

Calcium channel blockers are Very Nice Drugs: Verapamil, Nifedipine, Diltiazem.

Calcium Channel Blockers

Cathy Parkes

Calcium channel blockers are Very Nice Drugs: Verapamil, Nifedipine, Diltiazem.

Ask your patient directly about hallucinations, including command hallucinations which are when a patient hears a voice instructing them to perform an action.

Patient with hallucinations

Cathy Parkes

Ask your patient directly about hallucinations, including command hallucinations. Implement 1:1 observation if indicated!

Patient with hallucinations

Cathy Parkes

Ask your patient directly about hallucinations, including command hallucinations. Implement 1:1 observation if indicated!

Beta 2 adrenergic agonists: Albuterol is SHORT-acting (for acute episodes) and Salmeterol is LONG-acting. HINT: Salmeterol looks like "salmon". Eating salmon can help you lead a LONG life.

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists

Cathy Parkes

Beta 2 adrenergic agonists: Albuterol is SHORT-acting (for acute episodes) and Salmeterol is LONG-acting.

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists

Cathy Parkes

Beta 2 adrenergic agonists: Albuterol is SHORT-acting (for acute episodes) and Salmeterol is LONG-acting.