Microbiology (63)
Foundations
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Microbiology, part 8: Foundations - Differential Staining Techniques
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDifferential staining techniques, including: gram, acid fast, capsule, and endospore stains. The general steps for each of these staining procedures, how to interpret the results, and why those results occur.
Microbiology, part 8: Foundations - Differential Staining Techniques
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDifferential staining techniques, including: gram, acid fast, capsule, and endospore stains. The general steps for each of these staining procedures, how to interpret the results, and why those results occur.
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Microbiology, part 7: Foundations - Dyes & Stains
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNCommon dyes and stains used in Microbiology. How a specimen is prepared for light microscopy using wet mount or fixation (heat or chemical). The difference between basic vs acidic dye. The...
Microbiology, part 7: Foundations - Dyes & Stains
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNCommon dyes and stains used in Microbiology. How a specimen is prepared for light microscopy using wet mount or fixation (heat or chemical). The difference between basic vs acidic dye. The...
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Microbiology, part 6: Foundations - Review of Microscopes
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNReview of the different types of microscopes used in microbiology, including: darkfield, phase contrast, differential interference contrast, fluorescence, confocal, electron, and scanning probe.
Microbiology, part 6: Foundations - Review of Microscopes
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNReview of the different types of microscopes used in microbiology, including: darkfield, phase contrast, differential interference contrast, fluorescence, confocal, electron, and scanning probe.
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Microbiology, part 5: Foundations - Microscope Terminology & Brightfield Microscope
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNRefraction, refractive index, lens, focal point, magnification, resolution, numerical aperture, contrast, and oil immersion lens. Plus, key parts of a Brightfield microscope, including: illuminator, diaphragm, stage, condenser vs. objective vs....
Microbiology, part 5: Foundations - Microscope Terminology & Brightfield Microscope
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNRefraction, refractive index, lens, focal point, magnification, resolution, numerical aperture, contrast, and oil immersion lens. Plus, key parts of a Brightfield microscope, including: illuminator, diaphragm, stage, condenser vs. objective vs....
Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
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Microbiology, part 16: Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes - Membrane Transport
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNMembrane transport. This includes a comparison of passive transport and active transport. Three types of passive transport: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Effect of different osmotic solutions (hypertonic, isotonic,...
Microbiology, part 16: Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes - Membrane Transport
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNMembrane transport. This includes a comparison of passive transport and active transport. Three types of passive transport: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Effect of different osmotic solutions (hypertonic, isotonic,...
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Microbiology, part 15: Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes - Endosymbiotic Theory
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNThe endosymbiotic theory, including key pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory.
Microbiology, part 15: Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes - Endosymbiotic Theory
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNThe endosymbiotic theory, including key pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory.
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Microbiology, part 14: Eukaryotes - Plasma Membrane, Cell Wall, ECM, Flagella, & Cilia
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDiscussion of the eukaryotic cells. Overview of the plasma membrane, cell wall, extracellular matrix, flagella, and cilia in eukaryotes.
Microbiology, part 14: Eukaryotes - Plasma Membrane, Cell Wall, ECM, Flagella, & Cilia
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDiscussion of the eukaryotic cells. Overview of the plasma membrane, cell wall, extracellular matrix, flagella, and cilia in eukaryotes.
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Microbiology, part 13: Eukaryotes - Structures Inside the Plasma Membrane
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNA review of structures found inside the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell. This includes the nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, vacuoles, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and...
Microbiology, part 13: Eukaryotes - Structures Inside the Plasma Membrane
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNA review of structures found inside the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell. This includes the nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, vacuoles, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and...
Metabolism
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Microbiology, part 25: Metabolism - Biogeochemical Cycles
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNBiogeochemical cycles, including the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the sulfur cycle, and the phosphorus cycle.
Microbiology, part 25: Metabolism - Biogeochemical Cycles
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNBiogeochemical cycles, including the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the sulfur cycle, and the phosphorus cycle.
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Microbiology, part 24: Metabolism - Photosynthesis
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNA high level overview of photosynthesis, including light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (i.e., Calvin Cycle). Photophosphorylation and the difference between oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis.
Microbiology, part 24: Metabolism - Photosynthesis
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNA high level overview of photosynthesis, including light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (i.e., Calvin Cycle). Photophosphorylation and the difference between oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis.
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Microbiology, part 23: Metabolism - Lipid & Protein Catabolism
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNLipid catabolism and protein catabolism, including the key enzymes that break down lipids and proteins.
Microbiology, part 23: Metabolism - Lipid & Protein Catabolism
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNLipid catabolism and protein catabolism, including the key enzymes that break down lipids and proteins.
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Microbiology, part 22: Metabolism - Fermentation
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNFermentation, including lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation. Difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration.
Microbiology, part 22: Metabolism - Fermentation
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNFermentation, including lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation. Difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration.
Growth
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Microbiology, part 31: Growth - Culture Media
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNCulture media. Difference between chemically defined media, complex media, selective media, differential media, and enrichment media.
Microbiology, part 31: Growth - Culture Media
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNCulture media. Difference between chemically defined media, complex media, selective media, differential media, and enrichment media.
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Microbiology, part 30: Growth - Microbial Growth Requirements
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNRequirements for microbial growth. Oxygen requirements and the difference between obligate aerobes, obligate anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, aerotolerant anaerobes, microaerophiles, and capnophiles. Temperature requirements and the difference between mesophiles, psychrotrophs, psychrophiles,...
Microbiology, part 30: Growth - Microbial Growth Requirements
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNRequirements for microbial growth. Oxygen requirements and the difference between obligate aerobes, obligate anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, aerotolerant anaerobes, microaerophiles, and capnophiles. Temperature requirements and the difference between mesophiles, psychrotrophs, psychrophiles,...
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Microbiology, part 29: Growth - Biofilms & Quorum Sensing
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNBiofilms, including what a biofilm is, how biofilms form, and key characteristics of biofilms. Quorum sensing, including what quorum sensing is and how it works.
Microbiology, part 29: Growth - Biofilms & Quorum Sensing
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNBiofilms, including what a biofilm is, how biofilms form, and key characteristics of biofilms. Quorum sensing, including what quorum sensing is and how it works.
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Microbiology, part 28: Growth - Measurement of Bacterial Growth
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDirect methods of measuring bacterial growth, including a direct cell count, plate count, membrane filtration, and the Most Probable Number method (MPN method). Steps involved in serial dilution in preparation...
Microbiology, part 28: Growth - Measurement of Bacterial Growth
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDirect methods of measuring bacterial growth, including a direct cell count, plate count, membrane filtration, and the Most Probable Number method (MPN method). Steps involved in serial dilution in preparation...
Genetics
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Microbiology, part 42: Genetics - Gel Electrophoresis & Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Cathy Parkes BSN, RN, CWCN, PHNTwo important tools used in biotechnology: agarose gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The purpose of, applications of, and the steps involved in gel electrophoresis. The purpose of, what...
Microbiology, part 42: Genetics - Gel Electrophoresis & Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Cathy Parkes BSN, RN, CWCN, PHNTwo important tools used in biotechnology: agarose gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The purpose of, applications of, and the steps involved in gel electrophoresis. The purpose of, what...
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Microbiology, part 41: Genetics - Biotechnology
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNTerms and concepts related to biotechnology that you likely have to know for your Microbiology class, including genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology, transgenic organisms, molecular cloning, restriction enzymes, sticky ends...
Microbiology, part 41: Genetics - Biotechnology
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNTerms and concepts related to biotechnology that you likely have to know for your Microbiology class, including genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology, transgenic organisms, molecular cloning, restriction enzymes, sticky ends...
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Microbiology, part 40: Genetics - Gene Regulation
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNGene regulation; operons and their parts, including the promoter, operator, and structural genes; regulatory genes and the difference between an activator and repressor; constitutively expressed genes & examples; repressible operons,...
Microbiology, part 40: Genetics - Gene Regulation
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNGene regulation; operons and their parts, including the promoter, operator, and structural genes; regulatory genes and the difference between an activator and repressor; constitutively expressed genes & examples; repressible operons,...
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Microbiology, part 39: Genetics - Horizontal Gene Transfer
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNHorizontal gene transfer; an overview of transformation, transduction, conjugation, and transposons; conjugation and its process; transposons, including the difference between replicative and nonreplicative transposons.
Microbiology, part 39: Genetics - Horizontal Gene Transfer
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNHorizontal gene transfer; an overview of transformation, transduction, conjugation, and transposons; conjugation and its process; transposons, including the difference between replicative and nonreplicative transposons.
Acellular Infectious Agents
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Microbiology, part 49: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viroids & Prions
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNTwo types of acellular infectious agents: viroids and prions.
Microbiology, part 49: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viroids & Prions
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNTwo types of acellular infectious agents: viroids and prions.
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Microbiology, part 48: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viral Infections & Viral Growth Curve
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAcute vs. persistent viral infections, latent vs. chronic viral infections, the viral growth curve and its different phases (inoculation, eclipse, burst, burst size).
Microbiology, part 48: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viral Infections & Viral Growth Curve
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAcute vs. persistent viral infections, latent vs. chronic viral infections, the viral growth curve and its different phases (inoculation, eclipse, burst, burst size).
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Microbiology, part 47: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viral Classification
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDifferent classes of viruses and how they replicate based on their genome characteristics. Includes: positive-sense single-strand RNA virus (+ssRNA), negative-sense single-strand RNA virus (--ssRNA), double-stranded RNA virus (dsRNA), double-stranded DNA...
Microbiology, part 47: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viral Classification
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNDifferent classes of viruses and how they replicate based on their genome characteristics. Includes: positive-sense single-strand RNA virus (+ssRNA), negative-sense single-strand RNA virus (--ssRNA), double-stranded RNA virus (dsRNA), double-stranded DNA...
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Microbiology, part 46: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viral Replication in an Animal Host
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNViral replication in an animal host, including the steps involved: attachment, entry, uncoating, biosynthesis, assembly, and release. Plus, membrane fusion, endocytosis, exocytosis, and budding.
Microbiology, part 46: Acellular Infectious Agents - Viral Replication in an Animal Host
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNViral replication in an animal host, including the steps involved: attachment, entry, uncoating, biosynthesis, assembly, and release. Plus, membrane fusion, endocytosis, exocytosis, and budding.
Control of Growth
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Microbiology, part 57: Control of Growth - Antimicrobials - Nucleic Acid Inhibitors
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAntimicrobial drugs that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis: nitroimidazoles (metronidazole), rifamycins (rifampin), and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin).
Microbiology, part 57: Control of Growth - Antimicrobials - Nucleic Acid Inhibitors
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAntimicrobial drugs that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis: nitroimidazoles (metronidazole), rifamycins (rifampin), and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin).
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Microbiology, part 56: Control of Growth - Antibiotics - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAntibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis. This includes aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin), tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline), macrolides (e.g., erythromycin, azithromycin), and lincosamides (e.g., clindamycin).
Microbiology, part 56: Control of Growth - Antibiotics - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAntibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis. This includes aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin), tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline), macrolides (e.g., erythromycin, azithromycin), and lincosamides (e.g., clindamycin).
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Microbiology, part 55: Control of Growth - Antibiotics - Cell Wall Inhibitors
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAntimicrobial drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis. How cell wall inhibitors prevent the synthesis of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall, and why cell wall inhibitors exhibit cell wall toxicity....
Microbiology, part 55: Control of Growth - Antibiotics - Cell Wall Inhibitors
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAntimicrobial drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis. How cell wall inhibitors prevent the synthesis of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall, and why cell wall inhibitors exhibit cell wall toxicity....
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Microbiology, part 54: Control of Growth - Antimicrobial Drug Terminology
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNKey terms related to antimicrobial drugs, including: selective toxicity, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, mode of action (or mechanism of action), narrow-spectrum antibiotics, broad-spectrum antibiotics, dose and dosage, route of administration, synergism, and...
Microbiology, part 54: Control of Growth - Antimicrobial Drug Terminology
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNKey terms related to antimicrobial drugs, including: selective toxicity, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, mode of action (or mechanism of action), narrow-spectrum antibiotics, broad-spectrum antibiotics, dose and dosage, route of administration, synergism, and...
Microbes
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Microbiology - Microbes: Clostridioides difficile
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of Clostridioides difficile (previously called Clostridium difficile)—the bacterium that causes a C diff infection!
Microbiology - Microbes: Clostridioides difficile
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of Clostridioides difficile (previously called Clostridium difficile)—the bacterium that causes a C diff infection!
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Microbiology - Microbes: Giardia lamblia
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of Giardia lamblia, the bacterium that causes giardiasis. This bacterium is also known as Giardia duodenalis and Giardia intestinalis.
Microbiology - Microbes: Giardia lamblia
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of Giardia lamblia, the bacterium that causes giardiasis. This bacterium is also known as Giardia duodenalis and Giardia intestinalis.
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Microbiology - Microbes: Ascaris lumbricoides
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of Ascaris lumbricoides, the parasitic worm that causes ascariasis.
Microbiology - Microbes: Ascaris lumbricoides
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of Ascaris lumbricoides, the parasitic worm that causes ascariasis.
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Microbiology - Microbes: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the virus that causes infectious mononucleosis (mono).
Microbiology - Microbes: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Cathy Parkes RN, BSN, PHN, CWCNAn overview of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the virus that causes infectious mononucleosis (mono).
